Steven Cumper
Steven John Cumper, B.App.Sc. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong background in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine. He founded Medshop while studying at RMIT University in Australia, expanding its reach to markets in Papua New Guinea, Singapore, and Malaysia. In September 2021, the Bunzl Group acquired a majority stake in Medshop, but Cumper remains involved as the Managing Director (Medshop Group). His journey from Zimbabwe to the UK and Australia reflects his dedication to academia and entrepreneurship, combining diverse knowledge and experience.
Latest Articles
August 09, 2024
Steven Cumper
CPR vs. AED — What Sets Them Apart
This information is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice.To understand the latest medical guidance on using CPR or an AED please consult Australian Resuscitation Council or the American Heart Association. In a medical emergency, every second counts. Whether it's a sudden cardiac arrest or a critical respiratory event, having the knowledge and skills to respond effectively can meanthe difference between life and death. Two crucial tools in such situations are Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and the use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). Understanding when to administer CPR versus employing an AED is important knowledge that can save lives—whatever your background. Both techniques are designed to support a failing heart, but they serve distinct roles when caring for a patient. This article explains the critical differences between CPR and AED, delving into when to employ each technique and how they can work together to save lives. Read on to learn more. The Importance of Immediate Response in Cardiac Emergencies Cardiac emergencies, such as heart attacks and sudden cardiac arrest, are critical and time-sensitive situations that require immediate and effective response. The importance of immediate action cannot be overstated, as it can significantly impact the outcome and increase the chances of saving a person's life. When the heart's blood supply is compromised, either due to a blockage in the arteries (heart attack) or a sudden malfunction of the heart's electrical system (cardiac arrest), every passing moment can lead to irreversible damage to the heart muscle and vital organs. Immediate response can help minimise the extent of damage and increase a person's chances of survival. What Is CPR? Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique performed by first responders in emergencies when a person's heartbeat or breathing has stopped. CPR aims to manually circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body to maintain essential organ function until professional medical help arrives. CPR is a critical intervention during cardiac arrests, drowning incidents, suffocation, and other situations where the normal circulation of blood is disrupted. How Does It Work Check Responsiveness: Gently shake the person and shout to check if they are responsive. If there is no response, it indicates an emergency. Call for Help: Dial emergency services or ask someone nearby to do so. Open the Airway: Tilt the person's head back slightly and lift the chin to open the airway. Check for Breathing: Look, listen, and feel for normal breathing. If the person is not breathing or is breathing abnormally, CPR should be initiated. Chest Compressions: Place the heel of one hand on the centre of the person's chest, just below the nipple line. Place the other hand on top and interlock the fingers. Deliver chest compressions by pushing hard and fast at a rate of about 100-120 compressions per minute. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions. Rescue Breaths: After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths. Pinch the person's nose shut, cover their mouth with yours, and give breaths until the chest rises. Continue Compressions and Breaths: Alternate between 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths until the person starts breathing on their own, emergency personnel arrive, or you are too exhausted to continue. CPR helps maintain blood circulation, delivering oxygen to the brain and other vital organs. It can buy valuable time until more advanced medical interventions, such as defibrillation, can be administered. Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are often used in conjunction with CPR to restore the heart's normal rhythm. When to Use CPR — Situations and Indications Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical technique used to revive a person whose heart has stopped beating or is beating irregularly, and who is not breathing or not breathing normally. Knowing when to use CPR is essential for providing timely and effective assistance in life-threatening situations. Here are some key situations and indications for performing CPR: Cardiac Arrest — CPR is most commonly used during cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly stops pumping blood effectively. This can result from various causes, such as a heart attack, arrhythmias, drowning, electrocution, or severe trauma. If a person is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no pulse, CPR should be initiated immediately. Unresponsiveness — If an individual is unresponsive and not breathing normally, CPR should be started. Gently tap the person and shout loudly to check for responsiveness. If there is no response, begin CPR. No Normal Breathing — If a person is not breathing or is only gasping, CPR should be initiated. Gasping is not considered normal breathing and requires immediate action. Choking — If a person becomes unresponsive due to choking and is not breathing, CPR should be started after attempting to clear the airway with back blows and abdominal thrusts (Heimlich manoeuvre). If the person regains responsiveness, CPR is not needed. Drowning — Individuals who have experienced near-drowning incidents and are unresponsive with no normal breathing require CPR to restore breathing and circulation. Drug Overdose or Poisoning — In cases of severe drug overdose or poisoning leading to unconsciousness and no normal breathing, CPR is necessary to maintain blood flow and oxygen delivery. Sudden Collapse — If a person collapses suddenly and is unresponsive, CPR should be started to provide immediate life support while awaiting medical help. Unknown Cause of Unresponsiveness — If the cause of unresponsiveness is unknown and the person is not breathing or not breathing normally, CPR should be initiated to address potential cardiac arrest. It's important to note that CPR is not typically performed in situations where the person has a pulse and is breathing normally, even if they are unconscious. In such cases, placing the person in the recovery position and monitoring them until medical help arrives may be appropriate. Remember, early initiation of CPR significantly improves survival rates and reduces the risk of brain damage. If you are unsure whether CPR is needed, it's safer to begin chest compressions until professional medical assistance arrives. Proper CPR technique and training are crucial to ensure the best possible outcomes in these critical situations. What is an AED? The acronym AED stands for Automated External Defibrillator, and they are placed in public places, often as part of a broader first aid kit, to provide emergency care in the event of cardiac arrest. Defibrillator AEDs, like the ones produced by Laerdal, Zoll, and HeartSine allow untrained people to administer ventricular fibrillation (VF) to a human body that has suffered a cardiovascular event such as a heart attack. The AED has changed the fate of cardiac arrest victims forever. Before their introduction, without medical attention, standard CPR was the only chance someone had of surviving a cardiac event. Today, in cities where CPR is widely practised and AEDs are readily available, success rates range from 25 to better than 60 percent. The high end of the data comes from cases where the AED came into play. In the absence of CPR training and AEDs, success rates drop closer to 10 percent. It’s the AED units that improve these data the most. Unlike the hospital defibrillation machines, which predated AEDs and required specific training, these new consumer-friendly defibrillators are accessible to even the untrained. As stated by Defib First Australia, “Modern AEDs cannot be used inappropriately and it is not possible to do any further harm to a cardiac arrest victim who is, in effect, dead and will remain so unless defibrillated.” As far as the value of the AED on cardiac patients, the same site said it best: “An AED is the most vital piece of emergency first aid equipment and the only effective first aid treatment for cardiac arrest.” You can learn more about how to use an AED defibrillator here. Check HeartStart AED with FREE carry case* When should an AED be used? In short, whenever someone’s heart has stopped beating, that’s the best time to use the AED pads. When a heart stops beating, time is of the essence, because after six minutes of oxygen depletion, the brain begins to die. Damage can and will likely occur long before that point. That means you have minutes to get the oxygen moving through the body again. In the heat of such a moment, even though time seems to slow down, minutes slip away quickly. The good news about today’s AEDs is that they will not deliver a shock to a body with a beating heart. As such, there is no bad time to grab the AED if someone has fallen down. For this reason, most response training advises you to delegate retrieval of the nearest AED in the first moments of the incident. Key Differences Between CPR And AED Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) are both crucial components of cardiac arrest response, but they serve different roles in the effort to save a person's life. Here are the key differences between CPR and AED: CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) Manual chest compressions and rescue breaths. Maintains minimal blood flow until normal heart activity is restored. Trained individuals perform CPR. Requires training for proper technique. No specialised equipment needed. AED (Automated External Defibrillator) Delivers electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm. Resets the heart's electrical activity during specific arrhythmias. Designed for use by laypeople. Minimal to no AED training required due to voice prompts. Specialised device that analyses and corrects heart rhythm. Combined Use CPR and AED are used together to maximise survival chances. CPR starts blood circulation, AED assesses and corrects heart rhythm. The Role of CPR and AED In Cardiac Arrest Response In a cardiac arrest emergency, CPR and AED work together to improve the chances of survival: CPR (First Step) Provides manual chest compressions and rescue breaths. Circulates oxygenated blood to vital organs. Buys time until professional medical help arrives. AED (Second Step) Analyzes the heart's rhythm. Delivers an electric shock if needed. Aims to restore a normal heart rhythm. The combination of immediate CPR followed by AED use is crucial for an effective cardiac arrest response, with each step enhancing the patient's chances of recovery. Common Misconceptions and Myths About CPR And AED There are several misconceptions and myths surrounding CPR and AED: Myth — Only medical professionals can perform CPR. Fact — Bystanders and laypeople can effectively perform CPR and should do so in emergencies. Myth — AEDs can cause harm. Fact — AEDs are designed to be safe and will only deliver a shock if a shockable rhythm is detected. Myth — AEDs can restart a stopped heart. Fact — AEDs aim to restore a normal rhythm in a heart that is still beating abnormally; they don't "restart" a stopped heart. Myth — CPR can restart the heart. Fact — CPR can help maintain blood flow and oxygenation but may not restart the heart. AED use is often necessary for rhythm correction. Myth — Only older adults need CPR and AED. Fact — Cardiac arrest can happen to people of all ages, including children and young adults. Myth — You need to be certified to use an AED. Fact — While training is helpful, AEDs are designed for use by anyone, even without formal certification. Myth — You should stop CPR when using an AED. Fact — Continue CPR until the AED is ready to analyse or deliver a shock. The AED will prompt you when to pause. FAQs — Clearing Doubts About CPR And AED Do you use an AED on someone with a pacemaker? The simple answer is yes, but there are a few caveats to AEDs used with pacemakers. Know that pacemakers of any sort should withstand external defibrillation without a problem. The problem with the pacemaker placement is that it usually coincides with the placement of one defibrillator pad. As such, you’ll have to get as close as possible to the correct location. Some AED units may assist with placement. Others may reject the placement. You may need to place the pad directly on the pacemaker, but try to avoid this. In any case, remember that any effort you make is better than none. This person only stands to improve their situation as they are essentially terminal without a heartbeat. Once the pads are in place, run the AED as normal and keep your hands off. After a successful resuscitation, their pacemaker may require attention from a professional, but that’s not a reason to avoid AED administration. Can you use an AED on an infant? If you find yourself in this spot, know that there are special pads and accompanying instructions with most AED units for delivering a shock to a child. The cutoff age is eight. Any human under eight years old will need specially sized defibrillation pads. You should NEVER use the adult pads on a child under the age of eight, even if you have no other options. The risk is not only to the child but to those in the near vicinity. Again, check with your accredited CPR/AED organisation for more details on that. When not to use an AED? Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are life-saving devices, but there are specific situations when their use should be avoided. Firstly, AEDs should not be used when the victim is breathing normally or has a detectable pulse. These devices are designed for cases of sudden cardiac arrest where the victim is unresponsive, not breathing, and lacks a pulse. Additionally, AEDs should not be used in environments with moisture or water present, as this can compromise their effectiveness. Moving the victim to a dry area or ensuring their chest is dry before attaching the AED pads is crucial. If the victim's chest is obstructed by medicinal patches or excessive hair, it's essential to clear the area quickly by wiping or shaving before applying the AED pads. Using an AED in areas with explosive or flammable materials is highly dangerous, as the electrical shock delivered by the device could potentially ignite a fire or cause an explosion. In cases of severe hypothermia where the victim's body temperature is extremely low, it's important to prioritize warming the victim before attempting defibrillation, as their heart's response to the shock can be significantly affected. Lastly, if there is a valid, visible Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order for the victim, it indicates their explicit wish not to be resuscitated. In such cases, using an AED would be inappropriate. In summary, while AEDs are valuable tools for cardiac arrest situations, careful assessment of the circumstances and the victim's condition is essential to their appropriate use. Why is defibrillation important in CPR? Defibrillation is crucial in emergencies involving cardiac arrest for several reasons. Firstly, it delivers an electrical shock to the heart, momentarily stopping all electrical activity. This pause allows the heart's natural pacemaker to reset, potentially restoring a normal rhythm In addition, defibrillation complements CPR efforts. While CPR maintains minimal blood flow to vital organs, it cannot correct an irregular heart rhythm. Defibrillation steps in to potentially restore a normal rhythm, maximally boosting the odds of successful resuscitation. Certain abnormal heart rhythms, specifically ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), respond well to defibrillation. These are categorised as "shockable" rhythms, and without swift intervention, they often lead to fatal outcomes. Finally, Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are designed to be portable and user-friendly. They offer clear voice and visual prompts, making them accessible in various settings, from homes to public spaces. They can be operated by individuals with minimal training, extending their potential life-saving reach. Can You Perform CPR While Using an AED? Yes, you can and should perform CPR while preparing to use an AED. When responding to a cardiac arrest, it's essential to start CPR immediately to maintain blood circulation to the vital organs. Once the AED arrives, continue CPR while the AED is being set up and the pads are being applied. However, when the AED is ready to analyze the heart's rhythm or deliver a shock, you must briefly stop CPR and ensure no one is touching the patient. After the shock is delivered (if needed), immediately resume CPR until the AED instructs you otherwise or professional medical help arrives. This combination of CPR and AED use is critical for increasing the chances of survival. How does CPR compare to Basic Life Support (BLS)? In short, CPR and BLS are similar as they share the same goal—to keep the airway open, the heart beating, and the circulation of oxygen to the body going without the use of advanced life support. However, understanding the difference between the two will allow you to know when to use CPR and when to use BLS. A BLS certification is a little more advanced, not so much as an Advanced Life Support (ALS) certification, but more than a standard CPR certification. That said, in practice, there is little daylight between these two. Some BLS certifications teach advanced methods like the administration of oxygen, team approaches, and in-hospital procedures, but the two certifications are close neighbours. In the case of someone seeking a certification for employment, it’s best to check with the employer if they consider the certifications as equivalent qualifiers. To someone suffering a catastrophic cardiovascular event, it will make little difference whether their attendant is CPR or BLS certified. Both are better than doing nothing when an AED is not available. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
August 09, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is a Defibrillator? How AEDs Work and How to Use Them
Everyone knows what a defibrillator is. They’re a mainstay of Hollywood drama and a paramedic’s most recognisable tool. Here we look at how they work and when to use one.
September 14, 2023
Steven Cumper
The Best Blood Pressure Monitors for Home Use
Learn about the importance of monitoring blood pressure at home, the different types of blood pressure monitors, factors to consider when choosing one, and provide a list of top picks for the best blood pressure monitors for home use. Read on to learn more.
February 27, 2024
Steven Cumper
Guide: The Best Stethoscope for the Job
It might be hard for your family and friends to understand that there is more to the venerable stethoscope than “playing doctor.” While the basic goal with each stethoscope is the same, listening to the heart and lungs, the means and details of that listening vary from job to job. There is one more variable that matters even more. It’s what you think about the right stethoscope for your practice. This blog can say which stethoscope should be the one you must have, but when it’s your instrument to use, it’s you who must be content with your decision. You may feel that your veterinary practice mandates you use a cardiologist’s stethoscope, so be it. This is merely a guide created by a company that has been putting stethoscopes in the hands of medical professionals for decades. All that experience still doesn’t make us the end-all-be-all for your specific needs. That stated this guide is an ideal place to start your investigation. One more note... Before you skip ahead to the section that best serves your purposes. The answer to the unasked question (which is the best brand?), is Littmann. They are the best all-around stethoscope manufacturers the world-round. While there is some stiff competition across the board from companies we admire greatly like Prestige, Spirit or Welch Allyn, and from many who make quality stethoscopes themselves, Littmann wins accolades more often in more categories, hands down. Best stethoscope for nurses There’s a good reason we spend a lot of time on our nurses at Medshop. It's true that they are the hard-working bread and butter of our business, but they are also the ones putting us all back together when something goes awry… and something will always go awry. For nurses, the choice is simple. The Classic III from Littmann is the best all-around stethoscope for most nurses. It’s the Toyota Hilux of stethoscopes, meeting the most needs in one package, but also taking the most abuse and still cleaning up like new. Not to be confused with the Cardiology III, a slightly different instrument tuned more for detailed observation, the Classic III offers the same duel head advantage. With the Classic III, you'll hear high and low frequency sounds without having to carry two tools, without fumbling around. For nurses, who are juggling about five-million tasks, this reliability is priceless. In fact, nurses aren't alone in appreciating the security of the Classic III as we'll find in just a second. Best stethoscope for doctors While the aforementioned Cardiology III might do the trick for many doctors, the unbeatable standard for doctors is the one used by cardiologists: Littmann’s Cardiology IV. In fact, categorically, this section is probably the most wasted “ink” in this blog as most doctors and cardiologists know this without needing to do research. They aren’t reading this blog because the reputation of the Cardiology IV procedes itself. Best stethoscope for medical students Alright, so this is the category where picking the best gets a little shakier than the first two sections above. In that spectrum between the ideal stethoscope on paper and one's personal preferences, two options fall somewhere in the comfortable middle. Littmann’s Classic III will work perfectly for any student as an initial investment, but the Cardiology IV will get the job done well for a long time. Consider the Cardiology IV if you’re not on a tight budget or if you can’t get that wealthy relative to chip in for your future. Of course, as students often don't have large budgets so the classic III makes a worthy choice. Best stethoscope for paramedics For the medical professionals who aren’t happy savings lives unless there is a street race involved (kidding, kidding, kidding… sort of) the Classic III is the way to go. Paramedics won’t necessarily benefit from the precision of Cardio IV to warrant that level of exactness, even though it’s a tough enough tool to do the job. The Classic III is the best option for ambulance drivers for all the same reasons it’s the best option for nurses. It’s versatile, tough, and accurate. The stainless steel chest piece of the Classic III means it will not only take being dropped with a shrug, but it will clean up with little effort. Littmann didn’t skimp on comfort with this workhorse either. Users love them for the snap-tight ear tips, which are not only a snug seal but a comfy fit too. Best paediatric stethoscope What then, is the right stethoscope for the smallest and most valuable patients among us? There’s no question that Littmann rules this blog, and this category is no exception. The Classic II Paediatric does the job just fine. It’s the same technology as the normal Classic II, but the Paediatric version is a little smaller to accommodate small chests. As such, it’s a two-bell instrument, with a non-chill rim on the smallest size for all the obvious reasons. (See end of the previous section if you're confused.) It’s possible to find other stethoscopes which do some of the things the II Paediatric does, but none that do it all in one package. If this blog didn't address your specific needs, please don't hesitate to contact us for advice. We're all about getting you in the right stethoscope. It saves us both potential stress in the long run. One more thing... For those readers who have friends and family that are the fancy gift-giving sort, this is the perfect time to share this blog with them. You never know when someone is going to get that gift-giving spirit so you always want to make sure they are empowered with all your hopes and dreams. It might also be a good idea to remind said family and friends of your favourite colours too… just in case. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
April 02, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is a Ventilator? How Does it Work and How to Use It
A ventilator is one of the most important pieces of equipment doctors have at their disposal. You've probably heard a lot about ventilators recently, as they have been used extensively during the coronavirus pandemic to treat patients with severe cases of COVID-19. In essence, they are used as life support to help patients in ICU who are struggling to breathe and those who have lost the ability to breathe, ventilators have saved hundreds of thousands of lives over the years. Understanding the basic principles of artificial ventilation, and learning what happens when someone is on a ventilator, will help to prepare you for going on a ventilator yourself. If you’re supporting a loved one who’s on ventilation or about to go on ventilation, getting an idea of what a ventilator is used for can be even more important. What is a Ventilator? A ventilator is a medical device designed to support or replace the breathing process when a patient is unable to breathe adequately on their own. Modern ventilators are precisely engineered pieces of medical equipment. Used in virtually every major hospital in the world, they can help patients through severe illness, surgery and paralysis. The primary function of a ventilator is to breathe - or support breathing – for patients who have lost the ability to respirate themselves. Ventilator support helps patients to breathe by gently forcing air into their lungs using a breathing tube inserted into the windpipe. The patient’s body then expels the air naturally. Some ventilators help patients to exhale as well as inhale like the Neopuff T-Piece Resuscitator RD900. Patients going into surgery under general anesthesia are often put on mechanical ventilators because surgical drugs and procedures can interfere with the breathing process. Being on a ventilator will ensure that the patient is able to get enough oxygen into their system throughout the operation. In intensive care units, ventilators are used to help patients who are struggling to breathe because of an illness or accident that causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pneumothorax (collapsed lung). Taking over the breathing function for a patient can give their body time to rest and help them along the road to recovery. It can also give doctors time to try new medications, assess the condition of the patient and create effective treatment plans. How Does a Ventilator Work? A ventilator works by mechanically assisting or taking over the breathing process for a patient who is unable to breathe adequately on their own. For many years, ventilators and breathing machines used negative pressure to help a patient breathe. When the body is exposed to negative pressure, it causes the thorax to expand and air to be drawn into the lungs. The most famous example of negative pressure ventilation is probably the Iron Lung, a groundbreaking machine that saved the lives of thousands of children affected by polio. Today, most ventilators use positive pressure to help patients breathe. These ventilators push oxygen into a patient’s airway via a mask or endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. The positive pressure causes air to flow into the lungs until the ventilator breath ends. Often, oxygen is added to the air supply to ensure the patient’s levels of oxygen in the blood reach the correct level. With a Face Mask Using a face mask to aid oxygen intake is called non-invasive ventilation. In this approach, a well-fitted plastic face mask covers both the nose and mouth. A tube links the mask to the ventilator, delivering air into the lungs. This method is usually preferred for less severe respiratory issues. With a Breathing Tube For more severe cases, endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes are inserted while the patient is under general anaesthetic. Endotracheal tubes enter the patient’s airway via the mouth while tracheostomy tubes are inserted into the throat or trachea. Tracheostomy tubes are generally used when a patient requires long periods of ventilation. Both endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes are a type of invasive ventilation. In some cases, a non-invasive method of ventilation will be more appropriate. This delivers positive pressure to the airway via a mask. This type of ventilation increases gas exchange and reduces the amount of effort it takes for a patient to breathe. How is Ventilation Measured? In a clinical setting, minute ventilation (MV) is measured by multiplying the respiratory rate (RR) - the number of breaths delivered by the ventilator per minute - by the tidal volume (Vt) which refers to the amount of air delivered to the lungs with each breath. This calculation shows how regularly a patient is breathing and how much air they are able to inhale with each breath. Doctors will monitor both the respiratory rate and tidal volume of a patient's lungs while they are on a ventilator. They will also monitor the oxygen levels and carbon dioxide saturation of the patient’s blood in order to ensure they are breathing as they should. Types of Ventilators There are various types of ventilators available to treat patients with different needs. Medical professionals will assess a patient, their condition, prognosis and treatment plan before deciding which type of ventilation is most suitable. · Invasive Ventilation Invasive ventilation is when a tube is inserted into a patient’s mouth (endotracheal) or throat (tracheostomy) to help them breathe. This tube is attached to the ventilator which uses intermittent positive pressure to gently force air into the patient's lungs. · Non-invasive Ventilation - CPAP and BiPAP CPAP and BiPAP are both forms of non-invasive ventilation commonly used to treat sleep apnea and other respiratory conditions. CPAP ventilators use continuous positive pressure to help patients maintain their breathing. CPAP machines administer pressure via a mask rather than an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. This makes them a non-invasive ventilation option. BiPAP machines offer patients pressure relief between breaths to help them exhale. · Nasal Ventilation Nasal ventilation is a type of non-invasive ventilation. It is often used to provide domiciliary nocturnal ventilatory support in patients with chest wall disorders, neuromuscular disease and chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). Like a CPAP machine, nasal ventilation works by the delivery of positive pressure to the airway. Nasal ventilation generally uses intermittent pressure to allow the patient to exhale naturally. Ventilator FAQs What is the Difference Between a Medical Respirator and a Ventilator? A respirator is a masklike device, usually made of gauze, worn over the nose and mouth to prevent the inhalation of noxious substances. Health professionals wear respirator face masks to filter out virus particles so they aren’t exposed to infection when treating patients. Respirators also help to prevent the wearer from passing on any infections they may have to their patients. Unlike ventilators, respirations don’t push air into the lungs or aid breathing. They are purely used as personal protective equipment to prevent infection and injury. What is the Difference Between a Medical Ventilator and a CPAP Machine? Medical ventilators work via a tube inserted into the neck or mouth of the patient, usually for critical care in ICU settings. They use short ‘breaths’ of positive pressure to gently force air into the lungs and effectively breathe for the patient. CPAP machines, while a type of ventilator, work very differently. CPAP stands for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. When a patient is using a CPAP machine, they will have a face mask like the Philips Pico Nasal over their nose and mouth. The machine then applies continuous pressure to their airway via the mask in order to help them breathe. CPAP machines are used by individuals to treat conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea as prescribed by a respiratory therapist. Using a CPAP machine at night prevents patients with obstructive sleep apnea from experiencing breathing difficulties as they sleep. How Long Can You Be on a Ventilator? Mechanical ventilation is used as a last resort, and medical professionals will try to discontinue ventilation as soon as is safely possible. This is because there are a number of health risks associated with long term ventilation. These include: Ventilator-associated pneumonia Sinus infection Blood clots Lung injury Damage to vocal cords The process of taking a patient off of ventilation is called weaning. With expertise developed over years in the field, our products have been enabled to offer invaluable support and resources to medical teams. When a patient is being weaned, doctors will carry out spontaneous breathing trials. During these trials, the patient will attempt to breathe with reduced or no ventilator support. Patients undergoing breathing trials are closely monitored by a team of medical professionals. For patients who have been on a ventilator for an extended period, successful weaning may require multiple attempts. Can a Person Recover From a Ventilator? As an expert in the field, it's crucial to understand that while many individuals placed on a ventilator will indeed recover from their underlying illness, injury, or surgical procedure, it's important to recognize that the process of recovery can vary significantly from person to person. Ventilators provide essential breathing support, allowing the body time to rest and heal. However, it's essential to approach each case with a realistic understanding that not all patients will recover following ventilation. Some individuals may have pre-existing conditions or severe underlying illnesses that make recovery more challenging. It's important for healthcare providers to closely monitor patients on ventilators, adjusting treatment plans as needed and providing comprehensive care to support the healing process. This may include physical therapy, nutritional support, and ongoing medical management. Furthermore, for patients and their families, it's essential to maintain open communication with healthcare professionals, ask questions, and participate actively in decision-making processes regarding care and treatment options. Is it Painful Being on a Ventilator? In most cases, the endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes used for ventilation are inserted when a patient is under general anaesthetic. This means the patient won’t experience any pain during the procedure. Once the tube is in place, it may cause a little discomfort. Patients will often be prescribed sedative and analgesic medications in order to make them more comfortable. Patients who are on invasive ventilation can’t talk and their movement is very restricted. They also can’t eat and so receive nutrients via an IV or through nasogastric feeding. Some patients who require long term ventilation may be able to use a portable machine. This will give them more freedom of movement and greater independence. What is the Price of a Medical Ventilator? The cost of a medical ventilator will vary depending on its make, model and capabilities. Good quality ventilators are available for around $8,500. A range of accessories and replacement parts are available for most ventilators to help equipment last longer and work efficiently. Where to Buy a Ventilator Ventilators are available to purchase from recognised medical equipment supply stores. As ventilators are essential pieces of life-saving equipment, they should only ever be sourced from trusted retailers. Explore our range of ventilators or get in touch to find out more about the products we offer. You’ll find more information on other health topics and equipment in the Medshop blog. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
April 02, 2024
Steven Cumper
Gift Ideas for Your Favourite Medical Professional
As frontline heroes, medical professionals devote their lives to caring for others and our loved ones with compassion and expertise. Whether they're saving lives in the emergency room, comforting patients in clinics, or conducting groundbreaking research, their dedication knows no bounds. Now, it's our turn to express gratitude and appreciation for their tireless dedication. Whether it's a gesture of thanks for their unwavering commitment or a token of encouragement to uplift their spirits, finding the perfect gift for your favorite medical professional is a meaningful endeavor. In this guide, we present a curated selection of thoughtful and practical gift ideas sure to bring joy and comfort to those who dedicate their lives to healing others. From essential tools aiding their daily practice to luxurious treats offering moments of relaxation, let's discover various ways to express gratitude to our dedicated heroes in scrubs. Here are our tips and suggestions to help take the pressure off. Tip 1: Find out what they want What you don't want to happen is your present is opened and met with a "what is it?" or an, "oh great thanks, another stethoscope." You might not want to give away the surprise but everyone appreciates receiving something they want and need for, so sometimes it is best to just ask. Consider reaching out to colleagues, friends, or family members who are familiar with the doctor's personality and preferences. They may offer valuable insights or suggestions that can guide your gift selection process. Tip 2: Enlist help How kind of you to offer to purchase a piece of medical equipment for your loved one. You're sure to win you some awesome gift-giver points and they'll be super grateful, but what if you can't afford the gift they really want? You have a couple of options... both require a little help from your friends. For starters, you can contact us for advice. Let's say they want a Welch Allyn PanOptic / Macroview Diagnostic Set. In case you didn't know, this diagnostic set is the top of the range and it is the ideal set for those who want to do the very best for their patients. High-quality medical equipment always comes with a price tag, and it is true in this case that you get what you pay for, but that doesn't mean you absolutely must go top-range. In this case, we might recommend you purchase the next level down, like the Welch Allyn Coaxial / Macroview Diagnostic Set. Your cherished medical professional can always upgrade to a PanOptic in later years. As an alternative, you could enlist the help of some other friends or family members and present the desired diagnostic set as a group present. Sharing the cost amongst several people allows you to give the gift they want, and not exceed your gift budget. Tip 3: Just because they have what they need, doesn't mean they have everything they want Got a loved one who seems to have it all? Stethoscope? Yes. Diagnostic set? Yes. Scrubs? Yes. Fob watches? Yes. Option 1: Maybe they could use a spare? A pair and a spare, it can actually be really useful to have a spare stethoscope, diagnostic set, or pair of scrubs handy. Things can go missing, it is a fact of life and wouldn't it be nice to have a backup ready waiting for such times? By presenting the gift as a spare, it actually seems very thoughtful and not at all unoriginal. Option 2: Get creative! Anatomical models, anatomical posters, books, socks, bags and cases, we have them all. Have a browse through our range and we are sure you will find something unique and original to give to the person who seems to have everything. Option 3: Consider how to ease their pains by offering something better. One of our most requested products are shoes and clogs. Doctors spend long hours on their feet, so a pair of supportive and comfortable shoes can help alleviate their fatigue and prevent foot pain. Still stuck? See tip #2, about contacting us, or use this quick reference guide for ideas to stimulate your creative mind. Top Gift Ideas for Nurses Stethoscopes: The Littmann Classic II and Littmann Classic III are the industry go to stethoscopes for nurses. Fob watches: With a huge range of colours and designs like the Silicone Nursing FOB Watch, a nurse can never have too many fob watches. Nursing Pockets/Pouches: Designed to carry all the essentials a busy nurse needs on the job ID's and retractables: In wide range of designs, to help keep ID badges and swipe cards safe and within reach Top Gift Ideas for Doctors Doctors bag: An essential item for busy and traveling doctors. Stethoscope: Littmann Cardiology IV is our most popular stethoscope range for doctors. Anatomical models and posters: Perfect for the desk or office. Depending on the specialty of the doctor, could consider many options, like the Pharynx & Larynx Anatomical Chart, Basic Heart Model, or Mr. Plain Skeleton. Diagnostic sets: These vary depending on the needs of the individual practitioner, best to discuss this option with the recipient to determine which one best suits their needs. Top Gift Ideas for Students Student kits: Ideal for students getting started, the kits we stock vary in content and are a cost effective way to purchase essential student supplies. Educational cards: Flash cards, and other informative cards are a great resource for students to have on hand as they take up little space and can quickly inform the student of a particular process they need to learn or perform. Sphygmomanometer: For those not familiar a sphygmomanometer is a manual blood pressure monitor, we stock a range of vibrant colours, designs and sizes. Protective eyewear: for all those messy lab sessions and practicals, our range is sure to have something for everyone. As always if you need more advice on a particular product contact us and our helpful customer service team are always available to help Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
January 05, 2024
Steven Cumper
Stethoscope Care and Cleaning — Get the Most Out of Your Equipment
Here then, we take a look at how to care for your stethoscope as well as a few stethoscope cleaning guidelines to ensure you get the most of our of your equipment.
July 23, 2024
Steven Cumper
What is an ECG?
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a simple, non-invasive test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. This test is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various heart conditions. In Australia, where cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death, understanding the role of an ECG can help in the prevention and early detection of heart issues. An electrocardiogram is a medical test that records the electrical signals generated by the heart as it beats. These signals are captured through electrodes placed on the skin, typically on the chest, arms, and legs. The resulting data is displayed as a graph, known as an electrocardiogram, which healthcare professionals analyze to assess heart health. ECGs are often used by doctors to help them diagnose heart-related issues like coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy and heart attacks. They can also be used as part of a general check-up and to monitor patients when they’re undergoing a range of medical procedures. Because electrocardiograms are so useful, they’re one of the most common medical tests used around the world. To help you understand exactly what an ECG is and what it is used for, we’re taking a closer look at the procedure, the equipment needed and the benefits of an ECG. The Importance of Regular Heart Checks in Australia Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death and illness in Australia, affecting thousands of Australians every year. Regular heart checks, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), play a crucial role in preventing and managing heart-related conditions. One of the primary benefits of regular heart checks is the early detection of heart conditions. Many heart diseases, such as coronary artery disease and arrhythmias, may not show obvious symptoms in their early stages. An ECG can reveal abnormalities in heart function that might otherwise go unnoticed. Early detection allows for timely intervention, which can prevent serious complications, such as heart attacks or strokes. The Australian government, along with various health organizations, has implemented several programs and initiatives to promote heart health and encourage regular check-ups. Campaigns like the Heart Foundation's "Check Your Heart" initiative aim to raise awareness about the importance of heart health and provide resources for Australians to get their hearts checked. These programs are instrumental in reducing the burden of heart disease on the healthcare system and improving public health outcomes. When Should You Get a Heart Check? Healthcare professionals recommend that adults, especially those over the age of 45, should have regular heart checks. For those with risk factors or existing heart conditions, more frequent monitoring may be necessary. It's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate schedule for heart checks based on individual health profiles and risk factors. What is an ECG Test? An ECG test is a type of medical procedure that measures the electrical activity and rhythm of a patient’s heart. ECGs are often carried out in medical settings in order to monitor patients and aid diagnoses. They are also often used by paramedics and other first aid providers when working on a person experiencing a heart attack or arrhythmia. A number of good quality defibrillators come with built in ECGs. This allows first aiders to properly assess the patient’s condition and provide the most appropriate level of care. The results of an ECG are either printed on specialist ECG paper or displayed on a screen. In general, some medical training is required in order to accurately read and interpret the results of an ECG test. What is an ECG Scan? An ECG scan is another term for an ECG test. There are three main types of ECG test: resting, ambulatory and exercise stress test. A resting ECG is carried out when a patient is still and lying down. It normally takes around 10-15 minutes to complete and is used to check the resting rhythm of the heart. An ambulatory ECG is used to monitor a patient’s heart activity as they complete a variety of tasks. It’s often carried out using a portable device that is worn by the patient for a period of 24 or 48 hours. These types of ECGs can highlight occasional irregular activity and show how the heart copes with gentle exercise and daily living. As the name suggests, an exercise stress test is carried out when the patient is undergoing more strenuous physical activity. Patients are often asked to ride an exercise bike, run on a treadmill or take a rapid walk for a period of around 30 minutes while the test is underway. The results of an exercise stress test show how the heart copes with this increased physical activity. What is an ECG and What Can it Tell You? ECGs carried out on healthy hearts have a characteristic shape. Any deviation in this pattern can indicate that there is something wrong with the heart or with the blood vessels that serve it. If irregular activity is noted on an ECG, it could mean that there is damage to the heart muscle or the vessels that surround the heart, or that the patient is experiencing an irregular heartbeat. In all cases, further investigation would be required in order to accurately diagnose the condition and treat the patient. What is an ECG Machine? An ECG machine is the main piece of equipment required to carry out an ECG test. The machine itself is normally fairly lightweight and features a screen or printer that displays or prints test results. The ECG machine is attached to the patient via a series of cables and sensors. These ECG leads allow the machine to accurately measure the heart’s rhythm and electrical activity. Because ECGs measure the activity of the heart, it’s important that the patient remains still for the duration of the test. If the patient moves around too much, the test may be inaccurate and the leads may become disconnected. In general, patients undergoing ECGs will be asked to lie on a bed until the test is complete. What is an ECG Used For? There are a number of reasons a doctor might ask for an ECG to be carried out. A patient will often have an ECG if they’re undergoing a general check up or if they’re experiencing one of the following symptoms: Chest pain Shortness of breath Dizziness Fainting Fast or irregular heartbeat (palpitations) A doctor may also recommend an ECG for people who are at increased risk of developing heart disease. For example, those with a family history of heart disease, smokers, diabetics and people with high blood pressure, obesity and high cholesterol. What is the Difference Between an EKG and an ECG? When you begin researching ECGs, you’ll often come across the term ‘EKG’ as well. This can be confusing, but it’s important to understand that an ECG and an EKG are actually exactly the same. An EKG is simply another term for an ECG test. What Does an ECG Measure? ECG tests have been specially developed to measure the electrical activity of the heart. If a patient has damaged heart muscle or diseased blood vessels, they will affect the shape of the ECG and indicate to doctors that further tests are required. Following an irregular ECG, a patient might be sent for a chest x-ray, an echocardiogram (an ultrasound of the heart), an MRI scan or blood tests. These investigations will help the doctor to get a clearer picture of the heart and identify the exact cause of the irregular ECG. What are External Factors Affecting ECG Results? Electrical Interference The presence of electrical devices, such as mobile phones, can cause interference. Being in an environment with high electromagnetic activity, such as near large machinery or medical equipment, can affect the ECG readings. Electrode Placement If the electrodes are not placed correctly on the body, it can lead to inaccurate readings. Poor contact between the electrodes and the skin, often due to oily or sweaty skin, can disrupt the signal. What are Patient-Related Factors? Movement and Muscle Activity Any movement during the test, such as talking, coughing, or shifting positions, can cause artifacts in the ECG recording. Tensing muscles or shivering can also introduce noise into the ECG trace. Skin Conditions Conditions like eczema, dermatitis, or excessive body hair can impede proper electrode adhesion, affecting the signal quality. What are Patient Conditions that may affect the results? Electrolyte Imbalances High or low levels of potassium in the blood can alter the ECG waveform, as potassium is crucial for cardiac electrical activity. Abnormal levels of these electrolytes can also affect heart function and ECG results. Heart Conditions Irregular heart rhythms can cause inconsistent ECG readings. Scarring from a previous heart attack or surgery can affect the electrical signals of the heart. Medications Medications used to treat heart conditions, such as beta-blockers or antiarrhythmic drugs, can alter the ECG pattern. Non-cardiac medications, including some antidepressants and antipsychotics, can also impact ECG results. Substances Consumption of caffeine or nicotine before the test can increase heart rate and affect the ECG. Alcohol and recreational drugs can significantly alter heart rhythms and ECG readings. Stress and Anxiety Stress, anxiety, or panic attacks can increase heart rate and cause changes in the ECG. Physical exertion before the test can elevate heart rate and affect the results. Find out more about ECGs, browse our collection of high quality ECG machines and accessories or learn about our other specially selected medical products by exploring the Medshop site today. Author: Steven John Cumper, B.App.SC. (Osteo.), M.Ost., is a businessman with a strong foundation in biomedical science and osteopathic medicine, who founded and led Medshop to international success, culminating in its acquisition by the Bunzl Group in September 2021, where he continues to serve as Managing Director (Medshop Group).
November 28, 2022
Steven Cumper
Buying a Medical Student Stethoscope - Full Guide
Most medical students will need to invest in a stethoscope when they start their training. Learning how to use one of these iconic instruments properly is a rite of passage, and an essential step on the career ladder for medical students everywhere. If you’ve just started out on your medical journey, treating yourself to a good quality stethoscope will help you to feel the part and set you on your way to success. If you have a friend or family member who’s an aspiring doctor or nurse, giving them a brand new stethoscope will show you care and give them a bit of encouragement as they start out in their new vocation. To help you find the right product for your needs, and get your medical training off on the right foot, we’re taking a look at the best student stethoscope options around. What Features to Look for When Buying a Medical Student Stethoscope? In general, students don’t need a stethoscope with lots of bells and whistles when they’re just starting out. In most cases, fairly basic models will be more than enough for student doctors and nurses at the start of their training. As long as the stethoscope is good quality, durable and has high acoustic sensitivity, it should be suitable for both aspiring doctors and nurses. A model like the Spirit Classic CK-S601PF Stethoscope is ideal as it offers excellent performance and great value for money. Its excellent acoustics, floating diaphragm and advanced light binaural tubing assembly mean that students will be able to hear everything happening inside their patients’ bodies. Another thing that makes this a great stethoscope for student doctors and nurses is the fantastic range of colours available. Choose from baby blue, shocking pink, lemon yellow, dark green, purple and royal blue among many other shades. Select a bright, bold nursing student stethoscope so you can spot yours easily at the end of the day. Other good options for medical students include the Prestige Clinical I Stethoscope, the Prestige Clinical Lite Stethoscope and the Prestige Basic Spraguelite Stethoscope. All of these affordable stethoscopes offer durability, great acoustics and excellent usability. What Is the Best Stethoscope for Medical Student? While a stethoscope for nursing students and medical students doesn’t need to be particularly fancy or expensive, buying a high-end medical student stethoscope could help to future-proof your investment. After all, if you spend a little more on a professional-standard stethoscope now, you probably won’t have to buy another for years, helping you to save money in the long term. Littmann make some of the very best stethoscopes around. Known for their high-build quality, beautiful design and excellent acoustics, Littmann stethoscopes are used by top medical professionals all over the world. Thanks to their durability and accuracy, these are arguably the best stethoscopes medical students can buy. Unless you’ve already chosen your specialty, you’re probably best off with the 3M Littmann Classic III Stethoscope. This fantastic piece of equipment is a genuine all-rounder. It offers next-generation tubing with enhanced resistance to skin oils and alcohol, high definition sensitivity for doing overall physical examinations, and a tunable diaphragm. The stethoscope can be used on both adult and paediatric patients. If you’ve already decided you’re going to specialise in cardiology, opt for the 3M Littmann Cardiology IV Stethoscope or the 3M Littmann Master Cardiology Stethoscope. Providing far higher levels of accuracy than the average stethoscope student doctors may use, these specialist tools will help to get your career off on the right foot. Littmann also makes infant and paediatric stethoscopes, giving students a great choice when it comes to selecting the product that’s right for them. If you’re studying to be a doctor or nurse and are looking for a student discount Littmann stethoscopes occasionally have offers available. Keep your eyes peeled to see if you can grab yourself a bargain. What Stethoscope Is Best for a Nursing Student? Student nurses are being trained for evermore specialist roles. So, it’s essential that these hard working professionals have access to tools that can help them accurately and quickly assess their patients. A lot of nurses working in hospitals, medical centres and other clinical settings will use stethoscopes regularly to diagnose and monitor the people they care for. This means that students need to master these skills if they’re going to excel in their chosen field. Again, Littmann is one of the best names to look for when buying a student stethoscope. When it comes to choosing a Littmann stethoscope nursing students can’t go wrong with the Classic III. This all-purpose stethoscope performs exceptionally well in all areas and will make it easy for student nurses to carefully examine their patients. If your budget won’t quite stretch to a Littmann, the Prestige Basic Dual Head Stethoscope is a more affordable stethoscope nursing students can invest in. Economical and accurate, it’s ideal for general practitioners, nurses and nursing students, as well as first responders and medical students. A good quality stethoscope is a real asset to aspiring doctors and nurses. Helping them to learn this all-important examination technique, and properly diagnose and monitor their patients, a good stethoscope is an absolute must have for medical students everywhere. To find out more about student stethoscopes, or to explore our entire range of high quality medical supplies, take a look around or get in touch with a member of our team today.
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